datajuicer/LLaMA-1B-dj-refine-150B
Text Generation • Updated • 390k • 3
meta dict | text stringlengths 331 2.46k | stats dict | simhash float64 190,426,696B 18,247,329,854B |
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{
"pmid": 11409574,
"language": "eng"
} | Epidemiology of hypoxaemia in children with acute lower respiratory infection.
To determine the prevalence of hypoxaemia in children aged under 5 years suffering acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), the risk factors for hypoxaemia in children under 5 years of age with ALRI, and the association of hypoxaemia with ... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409575,
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} | Clinical signs of hypoxaemia in children with acute lower respiratory infection: indicators of oxygen therapy.
Hypoxaemia is a common complication of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. In most developing countries, where the majority of deaths from pneumonia occur, facilities for early detection of h... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409576,
"language": "eng"
} | Hypoxaemia in children with severe pneumonia in Papua New Guinea.
To investigate the severity and duration of hypoxaemia in 703 children with severe or very severe pneumonia presenting to Goroka Hospital in the Papua New Guinea highlands; to study the predictive value of clinical signs for the severity of hypoxaemia, t... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409577,
"language": "eng"
} | Oxygen concentrators and cylinders.
A comparison is made between oxygen cylinders and oxygen concentrators as sources for clinical use. Oxygen cylinders are in widespread use, but costs and logistic factors favour the use of concentrators in many developing country situations, especially where cylinder supplies fail to... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409578,
"language": "eng"
} | Oxygen supply in rural africa: a personal experience.
Oxygen is one of the essential medical supplies in any hospital setting. However, in some rural African settings without regular electricity and with logistical problems in the transport of oxygen cylinders, the delivery of oxygen can be difficult. This paper compar... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409579,
"language": "eng"
} | Oxygen delivery to children with hypoxaemia in small hospitals in developing countries.
Oxygen administration is one of the most important modalities of therapy for a patient with hypoxaemia to prevent death. This review summarises the methods of oxygen delivery applicable in small hospitals in developing countries, an... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409580,
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} | The early bactericidal activity of amikacin in pulmonary tuberculosis.
Stellenbosch University, a tertiary care hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. To determine the early bactericidal activity (EBA) of amikacin in dosages of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg body weight in comparison to that of isoniazid 6 mg/kg body wei... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409581,
"language": "eng"
} | The relationship between the in vitro drug susceptibility of opportunist mycobacteria and their in vivo response to treatment.
It is generally accepted that qualitative drug susceptibility tests established and validated for Mycobacterium tuberculosis are not applicable to opportunist (non-tuberculous) mycobacteria. Pr... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409582,
"language": "eng"
} | Increased resistance to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients seen at a tertiary hospital in the Philippines.
A hospital-based study at the Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Philippines, a hyperendemic area for tuberculosis (TB). To determine the suscepti... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409583,
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} | Familial outbreak of disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and meningitis.
Rapidly progressive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is well documented in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive subjects, but it is not fully recognised in HIV-negative subjects in the familial environment. We report thre... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409584,
"language": "eng"
} | Efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin in combination with kanamycin and ethionamide in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients: preliminary results.
Department of tuberculosis and chest diseases of a tertiary referral tuberculosis institute in New Delhi, India. To study the efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409585,
"language": "eng"
} | A population-based case-control study of the safety of oral anti-tuberculosis drug treatment during pregnancy.
To study the human teratogenic potential of isoniazid and other anti-tuberculosis drug treatment during pregnancy. Cases from a large population-based dataset at the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Cong... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409586,
"language": "eng"
} | Specificity of insertion sequence-based PCR assays for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
To determine the specificity of different insertion sequence-targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. One M. bovis BCG strain, two M. tuberculosis strains and ten species of mycobacte... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409587,
"language": "eng"
} | A case series: initial outcome of persons with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis after treatment with the WHO standard retreatment regimen in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Few data address the outcomes of patients who have multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin, ... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409588,
"language": "eng"
} | Quantitative bacillary response to treatment in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected and M. africanum infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Data regarding possible differences in microbiological response to therapy of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. africanum are limited. Presenting clinical c... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409589,
"language": "eng"
} | Tuberculous infection in student nurses in Madrid, Spain.
To determine the incidence of tuberculous infection in student nurses we performed a 3-year study in our hospital. Before training was initiated, 18.75% of males and 5.7% of females were Mantoux-positive (P = 0.09). During the following two years, 9.2% of the pr... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409592,
"language": "eng"
} | High-resolution computed tomography classification of lung fibrosis for patients with asbestos-related disease.
This study tested a new high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scoring method for asbestos-induced parenchymal changes in the lung. HRCT scans of 602 asbestos-exposed workers and 49 referents were reviewe... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409593,
"language": "eng"
} | Cohort cancer incidence among pulp and paper mill workers in British Columbia.
A study was conducted to investigate cancer risks in a cohort of pulp and paper workers. All male workers with > or =1 years of employment in 14 pulp and paper mills in 1950-1992 were studied. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were used to... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409594,
"language": "eng"
} | Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of persons exposed to an earthquake in Armenia.
This study attempted to determine the level of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of victims of the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. Chromosome aberrations were measured in blood samples taken from 41 victims of the earthquake that hit ... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409595,
"language": "eng"
} | Group-based measurement strategies in exposure assessment explored by bootstrapping.
The precision of mean exposure to pushing was examined in 2 occupational groups using various combinations of the number of workers and measurements per worker. The frequency and duration of pushing of the 2 occupational groups was ass... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409596,
"language": "eng"
} | Total plasma protein adducts of allergenic hexahydrophthalic and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydrides as biomarkers of long-term exposure.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of total plasma protein adducts (TPPA) of 2 sensitizing low-molecular-weight allergens, hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and ... | {
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} | 8,459,116,900,426,428,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409597,
"language": "eng"
} | Effects of electric field reduction in visual display units on skin symptoms.
This study investigated the facial skin complaints of office workers before and after the static electric fields of a visual display unit were reduced. On the basis of a screening survey of 4556 office workers in 11 companies, 120 of 227 subj... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409598,
"language": "eng"
} | Association between job stress and depression among Japanese employees threatened by job loss in a comparison between two complementary job-stress models.
This study compared the separate effects produced by two complementary stress models--the job demand-control model and the effort-reward imbalance model--on depressi... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409599,
"language": "eng"
} | Association between pleural plaques and coronary heart disease.
The aim of this study was to verify a clinical impression that patients with coronary heart disease disproportionately frequently have calcified pleural plaques. Chest X-rays were collected from 148 patients referred consecutively to the Helsinki Universit... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409601,
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} | Intervention in shift scheduling and changes in biomarkers of heart disease in hospital wards.
The effect of introducing regularity, few consecutive night shifts, more weekends off, and only 2 different types of shifts (day-evening or day-night) into shift scheduling on biomarkers of heart disease was studied. Ergonomi... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409602,
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} | Work environment of Danish shift and day workers.
Both shift work and other work environment factors have been shown to be related to heart disease. This study examined whether shift work is associated with other work environment factors related to heart disease in a random sample of the population. If so, shift work c... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409603,
"language": "eng"
} | Relationships among types of speech intelligibility in pediatric users of cochlear implants.
Twenty pediatric users of cochlear implants were administered three tests of speech intelligibility: (1) a test of contrast perception intelligibility, (2) a test of contrast production intelligibility, and (3) a test of produc... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409604,
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} | Third person pronoun errors by children with and without language impairment.
Research findings have been mixed about pronoun case problems in the language-learning profile of children with specific language impairment (SLI). This study (N= 36) extended previous findings and located a number of error patterns using det... | {
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{
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} | Family education seminars and social functioning of adults with chronic aphasia.
Aphasia affects functional activities and participation in social roles years after onset. Some group and individual programs have reported success in improving social activities and perceived wellness. These programs typically last severa... | {
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{
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} | Differentiating dialect from disorder: a comparison of two processing tasks and a standardized language test.
Previous research has indicated that norm-referenced language assessment protocols are often biased against dialectal speakers. Recently, the use of processing tasks has emerged as one possible means of reducin... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409609,
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} | Low urethral pressure profile--clinical implications.
The clinical impact of urethral pressure profilometry (UPP) has been a main urological topic over the past three decades. Exaggerated expectations and differing techniques with incongruent results caused a controversial appearance. However, since the UPP is the only... | {
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{
"pmid": 11409610,
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} | Morphological and physiological characteristics of urethral circular and longitudinal smooth muscle.
The urethral wall contains circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Both layers can develop spontaneous tone, and contract further or relax in response to excitatory or inhibitory stimuli. In the pig the cells do not ge... | {
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"text_len": 695,
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{
"pmid": 11409612,
"language": "eng"
} | Neurotransmission and drug effects in urethral smooth muscle.
Urethral smooth muscle tension is one of the factors contributing to the maintenance of intraurethral pressure and to continence. This tension is controlled by nervous mechanisms involving a complex pattern of efferent and afferent signalling in parasympathe... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9114097357,
"max_line_length": 1415,
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"perplexity": 241.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1618144888,
"text_len": 1477,
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{
"pmid": 11409613,
"language": "eng"
} | Neural control of the urethra.
Coordination between the urinary bladder and the urethra is mediated by multiple reflex pathways organized in the brain and spinal cord. Some reflexes promote urine storage; whereas other reflexes facilitate voiding. During bladder filling, activation of mechanoreceptor afferent nerves in... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 1923,
"num_words": 401,
"perplexity": 232,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1509723644,
"text_len": 1954,
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} | 1,735,500,316,847,095,800 |
{
"pmid": 11409615,
"language": "eng"
} | Urethral pressure measurement--problems and clinical value.
Urethral pressure measurements are in use to assess urethral closure and voiding function. The lack of general agreement on an explicit definition of urethral pressure and standardisation of the methodology for measurement has limited the clinical utility of u... | {
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"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 290,
"num_words": 59,
"perplexity": 365,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1457142857,
"text_len": 350,
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} | 17,828,998,548,268,503,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409616,
"language": "eng"
} | The clinical value of ambulatory urethral pressure recording in women.
The value of ambulatory urethral pressure recording (AUPR) was evaluated by reviewing both data from 116 patients investigated and Ambulatory Urodynamic Monitoring (AUM) tracings. Typical tracings are shown from conditions where we find that AUPR is... | {
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"max_line_length": 1114,
"num_words": 262,
"perplexity": 429,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1890295359,
"text_len": 1185,
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} | 4,720,209,936,247,924,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409618,
"language": "eng"
} | The innervation and properties of the urethral striated muscle.
The striated muscle forms an outer sleeve around the urethra and occupies about 80% of the wall. In humans more than 60% of the muscle consists of slow, fatigue resistant type I fibres whereas in male greyhounds only about 6% are type I. Most of the remain... | {
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"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 725,
"num_words": 151,
"perplexity": 556.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1901140684,
"text_len": 789,
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} | 9,293,635,307,741,684,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409619,
"language": "eng"
} | The clinical value of sonographic imaging of the urethrovesical anatomy.
Ultrasound is a complementary evaluation for the study of female urinary incontinence which allows functional-morphological documentation. With sonography dynamic images during coughing, Valsalva, pelvic floor contraction and micturition are provi... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.8856821656,
"max_line_length": 446,
"num_words": 98,
"perplexity": 284.9,
"special_char_ratio": 0.140655106,
"text_len": 519,
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} | 1,481,794,643,156,116,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409620,
"language": "eng"
} | The clinical value of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in normal and incontinent women--a preliminary study on micturition.
In this preliminary study in nine volunteers and nine women with genuine stress incontinence (GSI) dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the voiding phase in the sitting pos... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 470,
"num_words": 108,
"perplexity": 262.5,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1711409396,
"text_len": 596,
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} | 5,102,170,299,249,687,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409621,
"language": "eng"
} | Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic floor--possibilities and present status.
MRI has had both an increasing availability and fuctionality during the last 5-10 years. In diagnosing problems of the pelvic floor, it has been shown to have a potential, but is at present not to be considered a routine examination. Toda... | {
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"avg_line_length": 499.5,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9621401429,
"max_line_length": 917,
"num_words": 181,
"perplexity": 265.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1811811812,
"text_len": 999,
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} | 16,658,396,193,901,220,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409622,
"language": "eng"
} | Stress incontinence observed with real time sonography and dynamic fastscan magnetic resonance imaging--insights into pathophysiology.
Our concepts of pathophysiology of stress urinary continence have been greatly shaped by developments in radiographic imaging. Simple radiographs with and without contrast initially rev... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9098111987,
"max_line_length": 1357,
"num_words": 276,
"perplexity": 395.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1514745308,
"text_len": 1492,
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} | 6,603,080,496,754,264,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409623,
"language": "eng"
} | Stenotherms at sub-zero temperatures: thermal dependence of swimming performance in Antarctic fish.
We examined the burst swimming performance of two Antarctic fishes, Trematomus bernacchii and T. centronotus, at five temperatures between -1 degrees C and 10 degrees C. As Antarctic fishes are considered one of the most... | {
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"avg_line_length": 1046,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1108977436,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9435163736,
"max_line_length": 1992,
"num_words": 400,
"perplexity": 770.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1787762906,
"text_len": 2092,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.02... | 1,500,382,157,667,583,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409624,
"language": "eng"
} | Ionic balance in the freshwater-adapted Chinese crab, Eriocheir sinensis.
Ionic regulation by the gills of the freshwater-adapted Chinese crab, Eriocheir sinensis, was examined. The balance of uptake and loss of NaCl in crabs living in freshwater was established. Urine production was measured directly by cannulating th... | {
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"avg_line_length": 817.5,
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"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 1561,
"num_words": 339,
"perplexity": 412.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1944954128,
"text_len": 1635,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.0... | 3,835,865,111,475,507,700 |
{
"pmid": 11409625,
"language": "eng"
} | Lymph osmolality and rehydration from NaCl solutions by toads, Bufo marinus.
Toads, Bufo marinus, allowed to maintain an ad libitum state of hydration were dehydrated by 10 15% of their standard weight and allowed to rehydrate from either deionized water or from 10 or 50 mmol l(-1) NaCl solutions. Toads rehydrating fro... | {
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"avg_line_length": 741.5,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9489380717,
"max_line_length": 1406,
"num_words": 326,
"perplexity": 552.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2009440324,
"text_len": 1483,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.0... | 6,223,261,941,197,349,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409626,
"language": "eng"
} | Differential catabolism of muscle protein in garden warblers (Sylvia borin): flight and leg muscle act as a protein source during long-distance migration.
Samples of flight and leg muscle tissue were taken from migratory garden warblers at three different stages of migration: (1) pre-flight: when birds face an extended... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9573959112,
"max_line_length": 1749,
"num_words": 349,
"perplexity": 449,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2043067227,
"text_len": 1904,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.02352... | 2,458,193,478,224,385,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409627,
"language": "eng"
} | A Na+-dependent electrogenic glutamate transporter current in voltage-clamped cells of corpora allata in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.
Application of L-glutamate (1 mM) to corpora allata cells of the adult male cricket Gryllus bimaculatus caused a membrane depolarization of 5.9+/-0.3 mV (mean +/- SE) from a resting ... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9129479527,
"max_line_length": 1749,
"num_words": 374,
"perplexity": 393.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2019077901,
"text_len": 1887,
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} | 699,795,212,704,609,900 |
{
"pmid": 11409628,
"language": "eng"
} | Free fatty acids digested from pollen and triolein in the honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica Pollmann) midgut.
Honey bees satisfy their lipid requirement by consuming pollen. The free fatty acid content of the midgut was used to quantify fat digestion. Midguts extracted from younger workers of known ages and from forager... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.923017025,
"max_line_length": 1259,
"num_words": 278,
"perplexity": 419.6,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1790935673,
"text_len": 1368,
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} | 3,698,458,132,108,083,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409629,
"language": "eng"
} | Plasticity of myosin heavy chain expression with temperature acclimation is gradually acquired during ontogeny in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were reared from hatching until 61 mm total length (TL) at 21 degrees C. At 14 weeks and 20 weeks post-hatch, corresponding to initial ... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9544357657,
"max_line_length": 1155,
"num_words": 286,
"perplexity": 568.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.220351951,
"text_len": 1307,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 17,146,844,934,885,124,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409630,
"language": "eng"
} | Correlations of plasma lipid metabolites with hibernation and lactation in wild black bears Ursus americanus.
During the denning period, black bears (Ursus americanus) are capable of enduring several months without food. At the same time, female bears that are pregnant or lactating have an added metabolic stress. Based... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.933809638,
"max_line_length": 1540,
"num_words": 314,
"perplexity": 656.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1824242424,
"text_len": 1650,
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} | 16,625,298,918,151,463,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409631,
"language": "eng"
} | Physiological responses to supercooling and hypoxia in the hatchling painted turtle, Chrysemys picta.
We investigated physiological responses to supercooling in hatchling painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) which remain in their natal nests over winter and therefore may become exposed to subzero temperatures. These turtl... | {
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"avg_line_length": 584.5,
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9306182265,
"max_line_length": 1067,
"num_words": 239,
"perplexity": 488.6,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1822070145,
"text_len": 1169,
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} | 4,218,030,742,495,992,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409632,
"language": "eng"
} | The calibre of the foramen of Panizza in Crocodylus porosus is variable and under adrenergic control.
The foramen of Panizza is located within the outflow tract of the crocodilian heart, between the left and right aortas. It has been suggested that the foramen of Panizza has a variable calibre, which could explain the ... | {
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"avg_line_length": 678,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1017074981,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9031400084,
"max_line_length": 1254,
"num_words": 281,
"perplexity": 180.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1651917404,
"text_len": 1356,
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} | 11,029,598,484,069,366,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409633,
"language": "eng"
} | Cytogenetic study of Callicebus hoffmannsii (Cebidae, Primates) and comparison with C. m. moloch.
Callicebus is a neotropical primate genus divided into four or five groups of species. Species of the moloch group are distributed in the tropical forests of the Amazon basin. The karyotype of Callicebus hoffmannsii (moloc... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8170121515,
"avg_line_length": 699.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.071942446,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9232151508,
"max_line_length": 1301,
"num_words": 306,
"perplexity": 350.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1915654039,
"text_len": 1399,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.00... | 5,115,959,867,563,005,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409634,
"language": "eng"
} | Influence of hydrocortisone and microwave radiation on the mechanical characteristics of rat bone tissue.
This work deals with the mutual action of hydrocortisone and low intensity microwave radiation (MWR) on the bone tissue of rats. The bone density and velocity of ultrasound was measured in order to evaluate the You... | {
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"avg_line_length": 288,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9029383659,
"max_line_length": 470,
"num_words": 112,
"perplexity": 190.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1753472222,
"text_len": 576,
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} | 7,288,507,109,910,790,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409635,
"language": "eng"
} | Microscopical aspects of accessory air breathing through a modified stomach in the armoured catfish Liposarcus anisitsi (Siluriformes, Loricariidae).
The presence of an accessory air breathing mechanism as verified by several authors, is widespread among Loricariidae, where modified parts of the digestive tract act pri... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9131839871,
"max_line_length": 597,
"num_words": 134,
"perplexity": 619.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1512717537,
"text_len": 747,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.016
... | 1,780,305,308,370,736,400 |
{
"pmid": 11409636,
"language": "eng"
} | Analysis of the distribution pattern of sister chromatid exchanges in mitotic chromosomes of human T-lymphocytes.
Band locations of 344 sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), observed in chromosome preparations of peripheral T-lymphocyte cultures, were identified using a sequential Q-banding-sister chromatid differentiation... | {
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"avg_line_length": 509,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0792864222,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9333769083,
"max_line_length": 904,
"num_words": 178,
"perplexity": 335.9,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1571709234,
"text_len": 1018,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 6,444,478,256,076,228,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409637,
"language": "eng"
} | Cytophotometric estimation of in situ DNA content in several species of Araceae.
A wide variation in the in situ 4C DNA content, ranging from 15.02 pg to 54.09 pg was found in thirteen genera of the family Araceae. The obligate perennial species showed greater 4C DNA values compared with the facultative perennials and ... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9359600544,
"max_line_length": 782,
"num_words": 160,
"perplexity": 811,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1796060255,
"text_len": 863,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 12,777,763,924,531,683,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409638,
"language": "eng"
} | Antihyperlipidaemic and antihypercholesterolaemic effects of Anethum graveolens leaves after the removal of furocoumarins.
Serum triacylglycerides and total cholesterol levels in rats, with hyperlipidaemia induced by diet, were determined after oral adminstration of a water extract of Anethum graveolens leaves before a... | {
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"avg_line_length": 461,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0876232202,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9311226606,
"max_line_length": 799,
"num_words": 199,
"perplexity": 364.9,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1637744035,
"text_len": 922,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.01052... | 7,556,637,351,476,280,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409639,
"language": "eng"
} | Local angiotensin II-generating system in vascular tissues: the roles of chymase.
Roles of each angiotensin II producing enzymes of each of the angiotensin II-producing enzymes were reviewed based on experimental models. In vascular tissues, angiotensin II is potentially cleaved from angiotensin I by angiotensin conver... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8298171589,
"avg_line_length": 1066.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0941619586,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9351549745,
"max_line_length": 2051,
"num_words": 434,
"perplexity": 250.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1744022504,
"text_len": 2133,
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... | 1,860,733,733,243,826,700 |
{
"pmid": 11409640,
"language": "eng"
} | Diurnal variation of hemodynamic indices in non-dipper hypertensive patients.
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of blunted nocturnal blood pressure reduction in non-dipper hypertensive patients. We studied the diurnal variations in systemic hemodynamic indices and baroreflex sensitivi... | {
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"avg_line_length": 946,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9351361394,
"max_line_length": 1814,
"num_words": 350,
"perplexity": 1340.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2362579281,
"text_len": 1892,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 13,186,107,407,098,434,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409641,
"language": "eng"
} | Profiles of patients who control the doses of their antihypertensive drugs by self-monitoring of home blood pressure.
The present study profiled patients who control doses of antihypertensive drugs by themselves based on self-monitoring of their blood pressure (self-controllers). A total of 1,028 consecutive outpatient... | {
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"avg_line_length": 927,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1517615176,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9784570932,
"max_line_length": 1736,
"num_words": 343,
"perplexity": 655.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2211434736,
"text_len": 1854,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.059... | 3,618,138,356,930,443,300 |
{
"pmid": 11409642,
"language": "eng"
} | Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to dental surgery with local anesthesia.
We investigated changes in blood pressure and blood variables, including plasma catecholamines, serum glucose and insulin concentrations, during dental surgery. The study included 11 normotensive patients (age, 22.5+/-0.7 years) who under... | {
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"avg_line_length": 919.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1010928962,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9334355593,
"max_line_length": 1757,
"num_words": 326,
"perplexity": 741.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2196846112,
"text_len": 1839,
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} | 2,417,580,527,168,848,400 |
{
"pmid": 11409643,
"language": "eng"
} | Non-Linear trends in the blood pressure of Japanese adults.
Hypertension is one of the risk factors for the development of coronary artery disease as well as stroke. The National Nutrition Survey shows that the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of Japanese adults have decreased over time. These trends have plateau... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.808988764,
"avg_line_length": 845.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0749108205,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9539011717,
"max_line_length": 1631,
"num_words": 334,
"perplexity": 638.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2223536369,
"text_len": 1691,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.03... | 6,780,034,540,596,184,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409644,
"language": "eng"
} | Structure and function of the left ventricle and carotid artery in hemodialysis patients.
Hemodialysis patients frequently show associated hypertension, which can lead to a number of cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of hypertension on the structure and function of the caroti... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8302214503,
"avg_line_length": 1151.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1194420227,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9465959668,
"max_line_length": 2213,
"num_words": 474,
"perplexity": 247.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1732522796,
"text_len": 2303,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.... | 4,180,557,625,754,093,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409645,
"language": "eng"
} | Differential effects among thiazolidinediones on the transcription of thromboxane receptor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor genes.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma ligands thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have recently been reported to be anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic. We have previously ... | {
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"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 1903,
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"perplexity": 429.4,
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"text_len": 2036,
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{
"pmid": 11409647,
"language": "eng"
} | Benidipine inhibits expression of ET-1 and TGF-beta1 in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats.
Endothelin and growth factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 are important regulators of the cardiovascular system. Although increased production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and TGF-beta1 have been reported in left... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 1993,
"num_words": 453,
"perplexity": 503.5,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2025862069,
"text_len": 2088,
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} | 4,594,177,066,719,865,300 |
{
"pmid": 11409648,
"language": "eng"
} | Antioxidants inhibit JNK and p38 MAPK activation but not ERK 1/2 activation by angiotensin II in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hypertrophy, which results in several cardiovascular diseases. Ang II-induced cellular events have been mediated, in part, b... | {
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"lang": "en",
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"max_line_length": 1734,
"num_words": 379,
"perplexity": 430.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1814278046,
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} | 17,694,363,946,845,008,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409649,
"language": "eng"
} | Estriol improves membrane fluidity of erythrocytes by the nitric oxide-dependent mechanism: an electron paramagnetic resonance study.
The present in vitro study was performed to investigate the effects of estriol (E3) on membrane fluidity of erythrocytes by means of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and spin-lab... | {
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"char_rep_ratio": 0.105899076,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9046247005,
"max_line_length": 1282,
"num_words": 295,
"perplexity": 199.2,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1920903955,
"text_len": 1416,
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} | 1,484,457,648,723,405,800 |
{
"pmid": 11409650,
"language": "eng"
} | Calcium buffering of resting, voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx by sarcoplasmic reticulum in femoral arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats at prehypertensive stage.
We examined the Ca2+-buffering function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the resting state of arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) ... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9533405304,
"max_line_length": 1466,
"num_words": 384,
"perplexity": 649.2,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2042813456,
"text_len": 1635,
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} | 6,815,999,022,858,703,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409651,
"language": "eng"
} | Intravascular ultrasound detects coarctation of the renal artery in a patient with Moyamoya disease.
A 19-year-old man with moyamoya disease was diagnosed as having renovascular hypertension, based on stenosis of the proximal portion of the right renal artery with elevated plasma renin activity. Intravascular ultrasoun... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9189884067,
"max_line_length": 734,
"num_words": 167,
"perplexity": 240.2,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1628742515,
"text_len": 835,
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} | 10,685,979,925,109,190,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409653,
"language": "eng"
} | Lack of correlation between Mbo I restriction fragment length polymorphism of renin gene and essential hypertension in Japanese.
Predisposition to essential hypertension is associated with gene polymorphisms of the renin angiotensin system (RAS). Gene polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen and angiotensin converting enzy... | {
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"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9130703211,
"max_line_length": 1301,
"num_words": 266,
"perplexity": 330.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1762237762,
"text_len": 1430,
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} | 14,085,672,080,527,235,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409654,
"language": "eng"
} | Genetic variation in the promoter region of the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is associated with essential hypertension in a Chinese Han population.
The present study examined whether a genetic variant (-58T/C) in the promoter region of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene was genetically involved in essential hyp... | {
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"avg_line_length": 603.5,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.938539803,
"max_line_length": 1057,
"num_words": 243,
"perplexity": 825.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2112676056,
"text_len": 1207,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.05... | 4,603,795,406,354,751,500 |
{
"pmid": 11409655,
"language": "eng"
} | Effects of the Chinese medicine Jiang-Tang-Ke-Li on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Jiang-Tang-Ke-Li (JTKL), a Chinese medicine used to treat diabetes mellitus, on insulin resistance and hypertension in fructose-fed rats (FFR). Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawl... | {
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"avg_line_length": 1045,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0893801057,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9331697822,
"max_line_length": 1997,
"num_words": 464,
"perplexity": 511.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2244019139,
"text_len": 2090,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.05... | 15,488,019,591,158,219,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409656,
"language": "eng"
} | Effect of long-acting isosorbide-5-mononitrate administration on large artery distensibility in patients with essential hypertension.
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of long-acting nitrates, isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN), on large artery distensibility in patients with essential hypertension. Large arterial dist... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8279483037,
"avg_line_length": 619,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1008950366,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9225026965,
"max_line_length": 1104,
"num_words": 227,
"perplexity": 857,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1922455574,
"text_len": 1238,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.01834... | 16,985,801,960,759,634,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409657,
"language": "eng"
} | Ethnic and environmental differences in various markers of dietary intake and blood pressure among Chinese Han and three other minority peoples of China: results from the WHO Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison (CARDIAC) Study.
Our aim was to examine differences in dietary intake and blood pressure (BP) a... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9652332664,
"max_line_length": 2217,
"num_words": 464,
"perplexity": 480.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1992679951,
"text_len": 2459,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.... | 2,794,825,388,911,171,600 |
{
"pmid": 11409658,
"language": "eng"
} | An angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, candesartan, increases myocardial apoptosis in rats with acute ischemia-reperfusion.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) and apoptosis contribute significantly to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Evidence indicates that Ang II may activate apoptosis in myocytes. The present s... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9379186034,
"max_line_length": 1811,
"num_words": 417,
"perplexity": 545.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.204228984,
"text_len": 1939,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 3,404,835,047,051,936,300 |
{
"pmid": 11409660,
"language": "eng"
} | Identification of case complexity and increased health care utilization in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
To document biopsychosocial profiles of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by means of the INTERMED and to correlate the results with conventional methods of disease assessment and health care utilization... | {
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9501942396,
"max_line_length": 1475,
"num_words": 259,
"perplexity": 529.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1614123581,
"text_len": 1586,
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} | 605,641,776,157,706,500 |
{
"pmid": 11409661,
"language": "eng"
} | Use of alternative therapies by older adults with osteoarthritis.
To examine the rates of use and expenditures on alternative therapies by adults with osteoarthritis (OA). Adults with OA recruited from the community to participate in a randomized clinical trial recorded alternative and traditional health care use on po... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8288770053,
"avg_line_length": 561,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1060197664,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9486554861,
"max_line_length": 1056,
"num_words": 190,
"perplexity": 855.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1889483066,
"text_len": 1122,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 3,298,231,341,574,095,400 |
{
"pmid": 11409662,
"language": "eng"
} | Primary care-based physical activity programs: effectiveness in sedentary older patients with osteoarthritis symptoms.
This study examined, in a group of older patients, (a) the effectiveness of an invitation to participate in a program providing individualized physical activity advice in a primary care setting and (b)... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8182949596,
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"char_rep_ratio": 0.0826032541,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9418545365,
"max_line_length": 1488,
"num_words": 288,
"perplexity": 487.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1985065339,
"text_len": 1607,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 1,753,050,115,188,308,500 |
{
"pmid": 11409663,
"language": "eng"
} | Tendon disorders attributed to fluoroquinolones: a study on 42 spontaneous reports in the period 1988 to 1998.
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been associated with tendinitis and tendon rupture. In this paper we report on the followup of 42 spontaneous reports of fluoroquinolone-associated tendon disorders. This study... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8132635253,
"avg_line_length": 859.5,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9577398896,
"max_line_length": 1608,
"num_words": 332,
"perplexity": 674.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2239674229,
"text_len": 1719,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 6,937,095,818,595,789,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409664,
"language": "eng"
} | The effectiveness and toxicity of cyclosporin A in rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal analysis of a population-based registry.
To determine factors associated with response or toxicity to cyclosporin A (CSA) in a population-based inception cohort with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prospectively collected longitudinal meas... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.7853075171,
"avg_line_length": 878,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0532341156,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.8835991025,
"max_line_length": 1629,
"num_words": 348,
"perplexity": 2268.7,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2682232346,
"text_len": 1756,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 14,496,983,186,199,298,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409665,
"language": "eng"
} | Testing the effectiveness of an osteoporosis educational program for nursing students in Thailand.
Osteoporosis, a health problem that is on the rise, has received considerable attention among the health care community and the public. The majority of primary prevention programs for osteoporosis have been focused on wom... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8336917563,
"avg_line_length": 697.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0995670996,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9569664001,
"max_line_length": 1296,
"num_words": 250,
"perplexity": 186.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1691756272,
"text_len": 1395,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.0... | 17,254,967,600,000,016,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409666,
"language": "eng"
} | Differential efficacy of tumor necrosis factor inhibition in the management of inflammatory eye disease and associated rheumatic disease.
To evaluate the clinical usefulness of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in patients with inflammatory eye disease that is resistant to conventional immunosuppressive therapies.... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8280725319,
"avg_line_length": 744.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1054054054,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9322502017,
"max_line_length": 1351,
"num_words": 273,
"perplexity": 524,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1893888516,
"text_len": 1489,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 16,157,992,559,954,729,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409667,
"language": "eng"
} | Comparative responsiveness of measures of pain and function after total hip replacement.
To compare the responsiveness of the Functional Assessment System (FAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) in patients with osteoar... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8249787596,
"avg_line_length": 588.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0933219178,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9518693686,
"max_line_length": 1088,
"num_words": 220,
"perplexity": 677.5,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1937128292,
"text_len": 1177,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 17,859,499,452,050,485,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409668,
"language": "eng"
} | Does satisfaction with abilities mediate the relationship between the impact of rheumatoid arthritis on valued activities and depressive symptoms?
Both impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on valued life activities and dissatisfaction with abilities have been linked to depression among individuals with RA. We integrated... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8444266239,
"avg_line_length": 623.5,
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"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9592286348,
"max_line_length": 1100,
"num_words": 191,
"perplexity": 680,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1692060946,
"text_len": 1247,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 10,398,154,296,986,845,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409669,
"language": "eng"
} | "Are you better?" A qualitative study of the meaning of recovery.
Research into the meaning of illness has often focused on an individual's transition into a state of being ill, for example the adoption of a sick role. The question "Are you better?" addresses the transition out of this state and is fundamental to the p... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8157434402,
"avg_line_length": 857.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0726846424,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9732893705,
"max_line_length": 1649,
"num_words": 310,
"perplexity": 218.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1854227405,
"text_len": 1715,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 8,559,434,389,746,158,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409670,
"language": "eng"
} | Rheumatology outpatient nurse clinics: a valuable addition?
"Transmural rheumatology nurse clinics," where nursing care is provided under the joint responsibility of a home care organization and a hospital, were recently introduced into Dutch health care. This article gives insight into outcomes of the transmural rheum... | {
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"avg_line_length": 602.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1245819398,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9659094214,
"max_line_length": 1145,
"num_words": 203,
"perplexity": 353.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1585062241,
"text_len": 1205,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 6,237,538,348,619,732,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409671,
"language": "eng"
} | Walking velocity in aged persons: its association with lower extremity joint range of motion.
To measure the association between walking velocity and hip and knee flexion range, ethnic background, anthropometrics, comorbid pathologies, and coimpairments, in a sample of community-dwelling aged persons. To reach our obje... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.826433121,
"avg_line_length": 942,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1098666667,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.8948046565,
"max_line_length": 1790,
"num_words": 329,
"perplexity": 634.4,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1894904459,
"text_len": 1884,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 4,629,132,028,850,860,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409672,
"language": "eng"
} | Pre-appointment management of new patient referrals in rheumatology: a key strategy for improving health care delivery.
To analyze the impact of a rheumatologist reviewing each newly referred patient's medical records prior to scheduling an appointment (pre-appointment management). All 279 new patients who were referre... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8447563997,
"avg_line_length": 605.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0948419301,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9578284025,
"max_line_length": 1091,
"num_words": 188,
"perplexity": 648.8,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1601981833,
"text_len": 1211,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 6,061,517,502,898,277,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409673,
"language": "eng"
} | Living with osteoarthritis: patient expenditures, health status, and social impact.
To determine "out-of-pocket" expenditures related to osteoarthritis (OA) and to explore whether demographic details, health status scores (Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form [SF-36] and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities O... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8321766562,
"avg_line_length": 792.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0691624365,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9725316167,
"max_line_length": 1501,
"num_words": 277,
"perplexity": 449.6,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1741324921,
"text_len": 1585,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 15,297,793,221,817,412,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409674,
"language": "eng"
} | Oral health promotion evaluation--time for development.
Increasing emphasis is now being placed upon the evaluation of health service interventions to demonstrate their effects. A series of effectiveness reviews of the oral health education and promotion literature has demonstrated that many of these interventions are ... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8472109943,
"avg_line_length": 618.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1392508143,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9475995898,
"max_line_length": 1181,
"num_words": 187,
"perplexity": 220.5,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1527890057,
"text_len": 1237,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 16,731,420,639,123,132,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409675,
"language": "eng"
} | Social inequality in oral health and use of dental care in Sweden.
To describe oral health and use of dental care in relation to socio-economic determinants over time in Sweden. Cross-sectional study based on interview data on two randomly sampled sequential populations consisting of 7,610 Swedish adult (25-64 years) r... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.7982370225,
"avg_line_length": 1021,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0875553369,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9630896449,
"max_line_length": 1975,
"num_words": 359,
"perplexity": 1538.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2541625857,
"text_len": 2042,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.0... | 190,426,695,804,594,500 |
{
"pmid": 11409676,
"language": "eng"
} | An assessment of sensitivity to change of the Oral Health Impact Profile in a clinical trial.
Patient-based assessment of oral health outcomes is of growing interest. Measurement of change following clinical intervention is a key property of a health status measure. To date, most of the research on oral health status m... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8281437126,
"avg_line_length": 835,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0800722456,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9557460546,
"max_line_length": 1576,
"num_words": 311,
"perplexity": 719.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1790419162,
"text_len": 1670,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 10,611,997,293,036,388,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409677,
"language": "eng"
} | Type 1 diabetes mellitus and oral health: assessment of coronal and root caries.
The oral health of a large cohort of adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients (Type 1), diagnosed 24 years previously with juvenile onset, was comprehensively assessed. This paper describes the prevalence of coronal and root caries in thi... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8369851008,
"avg_line_length": 1141,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0928288605,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9510002136,
"max_line_length": 2201,
"num_words": 416,
"perplexity": 563.2,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1704645048,
"text_len": 2282,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 2,723,659,645,558,982,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409678,
"language": "eng"
} | Prevalence of impacts of dental and oral disorders and their effects on eating among older people; a national survey in Great Britain.
The objective was to assess the prevalence, in a British population aged 65 years and older, of oral health related impacts and the effects they had on the quality of daily life and in ... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8148148148,
"avg_line_length": 850.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0573286052,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9807258248,
"max_line_length": 1566,
"num_words": 306,
"perplexity": 513.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1963550852,
"text_len": 1701,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 5,169,140,884,949,079,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409679,
"language": "eng"
} | Adolescents' sense of coherence, oral health status, and oral health-related behaviours.
To investigate the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and oral health. It was hypothesised that subjects with better oral health status and better oral health-related behaviours have higher levels of SOC. A cross-section... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8189655172,
"avg_line_length": 812,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0978328173,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9633949995,
"max_line_length": 1535,
"num_words": 293,
"perplexity": 445.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.2001231527,
"text_len": 1624,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 12,665,644,259,411,958,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409680,
"language": "eng"
} | Evaluation of oral health promotion in the workplace: the effects on dental care costs and frequency of dental visits.
An oral health promotion program has been conducted since 1989 at a shipyard in Japan. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of oral health promotion in the workplace in terms of de... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8054216867,
"avg_line_length": 830,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.1023622047,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9664781094,
"max_line_length": 1541,
"num_words": 295,
"perplexity": 802.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.228313253,
"text_len": 1660,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 16,697,047,775,634,196,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409681,
"language": "eng"
} | Modified IOTN: an orthodontic treatment need index for use in oral health surveys.
This paper reports the results of a study of the reliability of a modified version of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) for use in oral health surveys. Twelve non-specialist dental examiners were trained in the use of the Mo... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8265179678,
"avg_line_length": 403.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0914786967,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9489809871,
"max_line_length": 724,
"num_words": 145,
"perplexity": 574.3,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1871127633,
"text_len": 807,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 8,375,489,590,384,356,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409682,
"language": "eng"
} | Socioeconomic factors that affect international caries levels.
Health policy makers have examined the impact of economic policies and a nation's social development on the health of its population. The purpose of this research was to investigate the association between health care expenditures, socioeconomic factors, an... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8358306189,
"avg_line_length": 767.5,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0701179554,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9719367027,
"max_line_length": 1472,
"num_words": 250,
"perplexity": 289.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1713355049,
"text_len": 1535,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 1,282,099,798,424,774,100 |
{
"pmid": 11409683,
"language": "eng"
} | Rugby players' satisfaction with custom-fitted mouthguards made with different materials.
This study compared the comfort of two bimaxillary custom-fitted mouthguards. One type was made with silicone rubber and the other with methyl-methacrylate (acrylic). The study was a within-subject crossover clinical trial with 52... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8147727273,
"avg_line_length": 880,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0759565962,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9689458013,
"max_line_length": 1670,
"num_words": 336,
"perplexity": 634.1,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1988636364,
"text_len": 1760,
"word_rep_ratio": 0.006... | 5,224,689,770,468,443,000 |
{
"pmid": 11409684,
"language": "eng"
} | Impairment of antigen-specific cellular immune responses under simulated microgravity conditions.
Microgravity has been implicated to play a role in the observed immune dysfunction of astronauts and cosmonauts after either short-term or long-term space travel. These reports, together with studies describing increased l... | {
"alnum_ratio": 0.8345864662,
"avg_line_length": 931,
"char_rep_ratio": 0.0642201835,
"flagged_words_ratio": 0,
"lang": "en",
"lang_score": 0.9350087047,
"max_line_length": 1764,
"num_words": 345,
"perplexity": 292.6,
"special_char_ratio": 0.1680988185,
"text_len": 1862,
"word_rep_ratio": 0
} | 9,190,007,824,778,821,000 |
The Pile -- PubMed Abstracts (refined by Data-Juicer)
A refined version of PubMed Abstracts dataset in The Pile by Data-Juicer. Removing some "bad" samples from the original dataset to make it higher-quality.
This dataset is usually used to pretrain a Large Language Model.
Notice: Here is a small subset for previewing. The whole dataset is available here (About 24G).
Dataset Information
- Number of samples: 371,331 (Keep ~99.55% from the original dataset)
Refining Recipe
# global parameters
project_name: 'Data-Juicer-recipes-pubmed-abstract'
dataset_path: '/path/to/your/dataset' # path to your dataset directory or file
export_path: '/path/to/your/dataset.jsonl'
np: 50 # number of subprocess to process your dataset
open_tracer: true
# process schedule
# a list of several process operators with their arguments
process:
- clean_email_mapper:
- clean_links_mapper:
- fix_unicode_mapper:
- punctuation_normalization_mapper:
- whitespace_normalization_mapper:
- alphanumeric_filter: # 4068
tokenization: false
min_ratio: 0.7 # < 3sigma (0.773)
max_ratio: 0.881 # 3sigma
- average_line_length_filter: # for code
max_len: 2100 # > 3sigma (1471) -- 7410
- character_repetition_filter:
rep_len: 10
max_ratio: 0.2 # > 3sigma (0.1458) -- 6060
- flagged_words_filter:
lang: en
tokenization: true
max_ratio: 0.00232 # 3sigma
- language_id_score_filter: # remove language filter
min_score: 0.5
- maximum_line_length_filter: # for code
max_len: 4000 # remove 8202 samples
- perplexity_filter:
lang: en
max_ppl: 4000 # remove 10284 samples
- special_characters_filter:
max_ratio: 0.38 # remove 5532 samples
- text_length_filter:
max_len: 4000 # > 3sigma -- 10873
- words_num_filter:
lang: en
tokenization: true
min_num: 20 # remove 10790 samples
max_num: 700 # remove 22709 samples
- word_repetition_filter:
lang: en
tokenization: true
rep_len: 10
max_ratio: 0.0887 # 3sigma
- document_simhash_deduplicator:
tokenization: space
window_size: 3 # small window size for short texts
lowercase: true
ignore_pattern: '\p{P}'
num_blocks: 10
hamming_distance: 8 # larger hamming distance threshold for short texts
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